Caraffi Limited
Rm902C Block A Horoy Center No.5059 Tinghai Road Qianhai Nanshan District Shenzhen PRC
(Tel):+86(755)82221353 (Postcode):518066
http://www.kroll-appraisal.com Email: mail@kroll-appraisal.comCaraffi Limited
9.4346/
51890.3Caraffi Limited
1Investigo 7000 66.15 70
Graeme Paxton 2788 26.34 23.48
Hayley Gray 358 3.37 3
Oliver Amos 160 1.51 1.35
Lee Stebbings 160 1.51 1.35
Mark Willams 28 0.26 0.24
Emily Tatham 28 0.26 0.24
Bryony Forbes 28 0.26 0.24
David Proctor 14 0.13 0.12
Nick Baxter 14 0.13 0.00
Haresh Vaya 7 0.07 0.00
10583100.00100.00
2507989246863040740728143156
1569745159814424399923825030
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452017
2017
2017
2018
2018
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2019
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6789101112Robert Half Inc. (NYSE:RHI)
13Kelly Services Inc. (NasdaqGS:KELY.A)
Randstad N.V. (ENXTAM:RAND)
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212223242526ICaraffi Ltd EXHIBIT A-1
VALUATION SUMMARY AND KEY ASSUMPTIONS
5 Date of Valuation: Dec 31 25
6 Year End: 31-Dec
7 Subject Company: Caraffi Ltd
8 Business Description: TA
9 Accounting Standard: FRS
10 Currency Unit: GBP '000
11 Projection Period: 2026 to 2030
15 Purpose of Valuation: Internal Reference
16
17 (DLOM)
18 1) Valuation Conclusion 1) Indicated Value Control Marketability
19 of Invested Capital Premium Discount Total
20 GBP '000 35% 35% GBP '000
21 Market Approach:
22 Guideline Companies Method
Enterprise Value ("EV") / LTM
EBITDA
/5979420928(28253)52469
24
Enterprise Value ("EV") / LTM
EBIT
/6662223318(31479)58461
25
Price ("P") / LTM Net Income
/5870420546(27738)5151326
35 Income Approach:
36 Discounted Cash Flow Analysis - Base Case 55485 55485
39
40 Indicated Value of Business Enterprise (Invested Capital) 55485
41
42 Add:
43 Excess cash 0
44
45 Business Enterprise Value (ROUNDED TO MILLION) 55000
46
47 Less:
50 Outstanding Debt 0
51
52 Equity Value (ROUNDED TO MILLION) 55000
53Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT B-1
HISTORICAL FINANCIALS - PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNTS -
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended 31 December 2022 2023 2024 2025 Average
12 31 (Note 1) (Note 1) (Note 1) (Note 2)
10 Revenue 17203 100.0% 20808 100.0% 26032 100.0% 40610 100.0%
11
12
13 Total 17203 100.0% 20808 100.0% 26032 100.0% 40610 100.0% 100.0%
14
15 Cost of Revenue (11197) -65.1% (13494) -64.8% (18361) -70.5% (28578) -70.4% -67.7%
16
17 Gross Profit 6006 34.9% 7315 35.2% 7671 29.5% 12032 29.6% 32.3%
18
19 Operating Expenses :
20 G&A Expenses (5255) -30.5% (6703) -32.2% (6481) -24.9% (7516) -18.5% -26.5%
24 Other Operating Expense 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
25(5255)(6703)(6481)(7516)
26 EBIT 751 4.4% 611 2.9% 1190 4.6% 4517 11.1% 5.7%
28
29 Non-Operating Income :
30 Interest Income 0.0% 5 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
31 Other Income 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
3200.0%50.0%00.0%00.0%0.0%
33
34 Non-Operating Expenses :
35 Interest Expenses: (15) -0.1% (15) -0.1% (24) -0.1% (26) -0.1% -0.1%
38 Other Non-Operating Expenses 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
39(15)-0.1%(15)-0.1%(24)-0.1%(26)-0.1%-0.1%
40
41 Pretax Profit/ (Loss) / 736.512 4.3% 601.632 2.9% 1166.025 4.5% 4490 11.1% 5.7%
42
43 Profit (Tax)/ Refund / (141) -0.8% (157) -0.8% (298) -1.1% (1126) -2.8% -1.4%
44
45 Net Income 595.819 3.5% 444.861 2.1% 868.085 3.3% 3364 8.3% 4.3%
49
50 Notes:
1 Source from audit reports provided by target management
2 Source from unaudit financial statements provided by target managementCaraffi Ltd EXHIBIT B-2
HISTORICAL FINANCIALS - BALANCE SHEETS -
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
As at 31 December 2022 2023 2024 2025 Average
12 31 (Note 1) (Note 1) (Note 1) (Note 2)
10 Fixed Assets 32 1.3% 36 1.5% 19 0.5% 7 0.1% 0.8%
13
26 Current Assets
27 Cash And Bank Balances 369 14.7% 215 8.7% 1668 40.9% 2656 32.6% 24.2%
29 Trade Receivables 2009 80.1% 2071 83.9% 2041 50.1% 3110 38.2% 63.1%
30 Other Receivables 20 0.8% 30 1.2% 113 2.8% 432 5.3% 2.5%
31 Prepayments and Accrued Income 79 3.2% 116 4.7% 233 5.7% 1937 23.8% 9.3%
34247698.7%243398.5%405599.5%813699.9%99.2%
35
36 Total Assets 2508 100.0% 2469 100.0% 4074 100.0% 8143 100.0% 100.0%
37
38 Long Term Liabilities
43 Deferred tax liability 0.0% 9 0.4% 5 0.1% 2 0.0% 0.1%
4400.0%90.4%50.1%20.0%0.1%
45
48 Current Liabilities
52 Trade Payables 506 20.2% 594 24.0% 1725 42.3% 1085 13.3% 25.0%
53 Other creditors and accruals 188 7.5% 234 9.5% 173 4.2% 1806 22.2% 10.9%
54 Current Income Tax Liabilities 445 17.8% 424 17.2% 386 9.5% 573 7.0% 12.9%
55 Directors' Current Accounts 19 0.8% 19 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4%
56 Deferred Income 411 16.4% 319 12.9% 152 3.7% 359 4.4% 9.4%
57157062.6%158964.4%243559.8%382346.9%58.4%
58
59 Shareholders' Equity
60 Share Capital 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.0%
63 Retained Profits 938 37.4% 870 35.3% 1634 40.1% 4318 53.0% 41.4%
6493837.4%87035.3%163440.1%431853.0%41.5%
65
66 Non-Controlling Interest 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
67
68 Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity 2508 100.0% 2469 100.0% 4074 100.0% 8143 100.0% 100.0%
Notes:
1 Source from audit reports provided by target management
2 Source from unaudit financial statements provided by target managementCaraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
///
5 Performance of Guideline Companies
6 EV/Sales EV/EBITDA EV/EBIT P/E
7 Guideline Companies CapitalIQ Code CIQ LTM LTM LTM LTM
8
9 Hays plc LSE: HAS 0.13 16.70 23.82 N/A
10 Adecco Group AG SWX:ADEN 0.27 8.66 10.31 14.09
11 SThree plc LSE: STEM 0.13 6.27 7.03 9.88
12 PageGroup plc LSE: PAGE 0.44 9.56 44.22 77.45
13 Korn Ferry NYSE:KFY 1.07 7.40 8.53 11.51
14 Robert Half Inc. NYSE:RHI 0.42 17.54 29.44 16.93
15 Beijing Career International Co. Ltd SZSE:300662 0.35 16.34 16.66 16.61
16 Kelly Services Inc. NasdaqGS:KELY.A 0.09 3.90 6.91 N/A
17 Randstad N.V. ENXTAM:RAND 0.29 10.72 13.21 18.97
19
20 Highest 1.07 17.54 44.22 77.45
21 Lowest 0.09 3.90 6.91 9.88
22 Average 0.36 10.79 17.79 23.64
23 Median 0.29 9.56 13.21 16.61
24 Adjusted 1.65 13.20 14.75 17.45
25
26 Selected Ratio 1.65 13.20 14.75 17.45
27
28 Estimated Value of Subject Company
29
30 Financial Year LTM LTM LTM LTM
31 Economic Measures Net sales EBITDA EBIT Net income
32
33 GBP '000 GBP '000 GBP '000 GBP '000
34 Financial Results 40610 4530 4517 3364
35 Applicable Ratio 1.65 13.20 14.75 17.45
36
37 Mulitiplication product 67007 5 9794 6 6622 58704
38
41
51Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
52 Comparable Companies
53 CapitalIQ Code: CIQ Subject LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
54 Size in Term of Revenue (in RMB Mn) 41 6607 23082 1302 1597 2730 5379 11788 4251 23077
55 Reporting Currency GBP Mn GBP Mn EUR Mn GBP Mn GBP Mn USD Mn USD Mn CNY Mn USD Mn EUR Mn
56 Latest Financial Year Ended Dec 31 25 Dec 31 25 Dec 31 25 Nov 30 25 Dec 31 25 Oct 31 25 Dec 31 25 Sep 30 25
57 Latest Quarter/Interim Ended / Dec 31 25 Dec 31 25 Dec 31 25 Nov 30 25 Dec 31 25 Oct 31 25 Dec 31 25 Sep 30 25 Dec 28 25 Dec 31 25
60
61 Enterprise Value as at Appraisal Date (in Million)
62 Market Capitalization (in Reporting Currency) 900.16 4157.93 242.66 729.74 3445.91 2715.50 4985.11 310.67 5672.21
63 Net Interest Bearing Debts (40.30) 2113.00 (67.96) (31.38) (434.33) (464.44) (169.54) 68.90 985.00
64 Minority Interest 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 5.63 0.00 101.81 0.00 1.00
65 Preferred Equity 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 305.50
66 Enterprise Value ("EV") 859.86 6280.93 174.70 698.37 3017.21 2251.07 4917.38 379.57 6658.21
67
68 Historical Financial Results (in Million)
69 Year LTM LTM LTM LTM LTM LTM LTM LTM LTM
70 Total Assets 1678.10 11756.00 483.41 575.73 3722.93 2856.28 4260.01 2250.60 10686.00
71 Cash plus Marketable Securities 169.90 388.00 67.96 31.38 786.45 464.44 432.89 33.00 399.00
72 Long Term Investment 0.00 259.00 0.00 0.00 46.03 0.00 162.27 0.00 28.00
73 Invested Capital 430.80 5509.00 167.13 183.25 1515.46 811.42 2104.02 1045.40 4987.00
75 Total Debt 129.60 2760.00 0.00 0.00 398.15 0.00 425.63 101.90 1412.00
76 Total Equity 471.10 3396.00 235.10 214.63 1949.79 1275.86 2273.56 976.50 4002.00
77 Net Income (10.50) 295.00 17.67 9.02 261.69 132.99 289.84 (254.10) 299.00
78 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 36.10 609.00 24.86 15.79 353.60 76.46 295.19 54.90 504.00
79 EBITDA 51.50 725.00 27.84 73.07 407.88 128.37 300.91 97.30 621.00
80 Sales 6494.10 23082.00 1302.20 1596.58 2811.09 5378.51 14026.25 4250.90 23077.00
81
82 Year 2025 2025 2025 2025 2025 2025 2024 2025 2025
83 Total Assets 1769.10 11756.00 483.41 575.73 3861.22 2856.28 4024.55 2250.60 10686.00
84 Cash plus Marketable Securities 169.90 388.00 67.96 31.38 786.45 464.44 432.89 33.00 399.00
85 Long Term Investment 0.00 259.00 0.00 0.00 43.58 0.00 142.58 0.00 28.00
86 Invested Capital 428.30 5509.00 167.13 183.25 1439.85 811.42 1848.84 1045.40 4987.00
88 Total Debt 131.50 2760.00 0.00 0.00 397.74 0.00 369.52 101.90 1412.00
89 Total Equity 466.70 3396.00 235.10 214.63 1872.14 1275.86 2054.79 976.50 4002.00
90 Net Income (7.80) 295.00 17.67 9.02 246.06 132.99 205.35 (254.10) 299.00
91 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 40.80 609.00 24.86 15.79 334.53 76.46 208.12 54.90 504.00
92 EBITDA 58.70 725.00 27.84 73.07 373.81 128.37 224.26 97.30 621.00
93 Sales 6607.00 23082.00 1302.20 1596.58 2730.09 5378.51 11787.66 4250.90 23077.00
94
95 Year 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 2023 2024 2024
96 Total Assets 1817.30 12099.00 506.73 650.10 3678.87 2854.41 3748.36 2632.30 11190.00
97 Cash plus Marketable Securities 160.90 482.00 69.76 95.35 966.42 537.58 800.39 39.00 357.00
98 Long Term Investment 0.00 256.00 0.00 0.00 30.21 0.00 146.20 0.00 33.00
99 Invested Capital 500.80 5888.00 178.98 167.06 1137.65 840.42 1446.80 1435.40 5390.00
101 Total Debt 104.10 3040.00 0.09 0.00 396.95 0.00 541.13 239.80 1647.00
102 Total Equity 557.60 3586.00 248.64 262.41 1737.33 1378.00 1852.26 1234.60 4133.00
103 Net Income (4.90) 303.00 49.69 28.44 169.15 251.60 200.50 (0.60) 123.00
104 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 98.70 602.00 65.53 47.79 271.79 241.47 189.84 70.30 514.00
105 EBITDA 119.00 748.00 67.82 60.55 313.25 294.74 219.87 110.50 615.00
106 Sales 6949.10 23138.00 1492.91 1738.94 2762.67 5795.84 9778.50 4331.80 24122.00Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
107
108 Year 2023 2023 2023 2023 2023 2023 2022 2023 2023
109 Total Assets 1904.00 12430.00 472.30 704.57 3574.44 3010.79 3748.74 2581.60 10686.00
110 Cash plus Marketable Securities 145.60 556.00 83.20 90.14 877.24 731.74 1144.33 125.80 261.00
111 Long Term Investment 0.00 197.00 0.00 0.00 27.50 0.00 136.87 0.00 39.00
112 Invested Capital 534.70 6052.00 139.68 216.35 1144.47 856.61 1206.62 1127.90 4967.00
114 Total Debt 10.00 3204.00 0.00 0.00 396.19 0.00 36.77 0.00 567.00
115 Total Equity 670.30 3601.00 222.88 306.49 1653.01 1588.35 2451.05 1253.70 4700.00
116 Net Income 138.30 325.00 56.05 77.07 209.53 411.15 290.79 36.40 624.00
117 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 193.80 748.00 77.79 116.27 359.74 464.59 390.29 65.30 851.00
118 EBITDA 214.70 916.00 80.52 129.90 398.78 518.84 413.10 99.20 951.00
119 Sales 7583.30 23957.00 1663.17 2010.30 2835.41 6392.52 9092.06 4835.70 25426.00
120
121 Year 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2021 2022 2022
122 Total Assets 2077.40 13256.00 470.40 794.94 3464.55 2964.49 3388.49 2663.80 11109.00
123 Cash plus Marketable Securities 296.20 782.00 65.81 131.48 1025.31 658.63 1097.04 153.70 274.00
124 Long Term Investment 0.00 185.00 0.00 0.00 38.31 0.00 116.86 0.00 41.00
125 Invested Capital 500.00 6224.00 135.01 220.72 881.44 909.93 1042.32 1101.20 5146.00
127 Total Debt 0.00 3298.00 0.42 0.00 395.48 0.00 41.92 0.70 546.00
128 Total Equity 796.20 3893.00 200.39 352.20 1549.59 1568.56 2214.31 1254.20 4915.00
129 Net Income 154.20 342.00 54.20 139.01 326.36 657.92 252.54 (62.50) 929.00
130 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 208.90 680.00 79.72 194.48 465.73 975.09 337.62 70.00 1137.00
131 EBITDA 229.00 875.00 83.32 205.90 501.25 1024.15 356.18 103.40 1220.00
132 Sales 6588.90 23640.00 1639.45 1990.29 2626.72 7238.14 7010.45 4965.40 27568.00
133
134 Year 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2020 2021 2021
135 Total Assets 1873.50 11865.00 400.57 724.46 3056.53 2952.36 1985.21 2894.20 11040.00
136 Cash plus Marketable Securities 410.60 3052.00 57.53 153.98 905.36 619.00 486.94 112.70 859.00
137 Long Term Investment 0.00 175.00 0.00 0.00 40.65 0.00 110.39 387.70 53.00
138 Invested Capital 461.20 3708.00 100.65 186.12 817.56 762.05 623.82 835.80 4670.00
140 Total Debt 0.00 3135.00 0.02 0.00 394.79 0.00 38.30 0.00 680.00
141 Total Equity 871.80 3800.00 158.15 340.11 1368.78 1381.05 1182.85 1336.20 4902.00
142 Net Income 61.50 586.00 41.98 118.36 114.45 598.63 186.31 156.10 768.00
143 EBIT (Exclude /Include Share Profit in Associate) / 88.80 865.00 61.19 167.20 180.03 742.51 209.85 52.60 1016.00
144 EBITDA 111.70 984.00 64.95 175.59 216.48 796.96 229.69 82.40 1120.00
145 Sales 5648.40 20949.00 1330.73 1643.74 1810.05 6461.44 3932.00 4909.70 24635.00
146
147 Selected Historical (3Yrs or 5 Yrs) Financial Ratios 3/5
149 Current Ratio 1.73 1.37 1.20 1.84 1.65 1.81 1.72 2.20 1.55 1.23
150 Total Assets Turnover 6.67 3.55 1.87 3.19 2.61 0.72 2.13 2.40 1.79 2.28
151 Total Debt to Total Assets 0.00 0.13 0.29 0.08 0.18 0.17 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.14
152 EBITDA Margin (post) 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.16 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.04
153 Sales Growth 0.34 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.12 (0.04) 0.34 (0.03) (0.01)
154 3-Yrs Average: 3
155 Net Income 41.87 307.67 41.14 38.18 208.25 265.24 232.21 (72.77) 348.67
156 EBIT 111.10 653.00 56.06 59.95 322.02 260.84 262.75 63.50 623.00
157 EBITDA 130.80 796.33 58.73 87.84 361.95 313.98 285.75 102.33 729.00
158 Sales 7046.47 23392.33 1486.09 1781.94 2776.06 5855.62 10219.41 4472.80 24208.33
159 Book Value 564.87 3527.67 235.54 261.17 1754.16 1414.07 2119.36 1154.93 4278.33
160 Invested Capital 487.93 5816.33 161.93 188.89 1240.65 836.15 1500.75 1202.90 5114.67Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
161 5-Yrs Average: 5
162 Net Income 68.26 370.20 43.92 74.38 213.11 410.46 227.10 (24.94) 548.60
163 EBIT 126.20 700.80 61.82 108.31 322.36 500.02 267.14 62.62 804.40
164 EBITDA 146.62 849.60 64.89 129.00 360.71 552.61 288.62 98.56 905.40
165 Sales 6675.34 22953.20 1485.69 1795.97 2552.99 6253.29 8320.13 4658.70 24965.60
166 Book Value 672.52 3655.20 213.03 295.17 1636.17 1438.36 1951.05 1211.04 4530.40
167 Invested Capital 485.00 5476.20 144.29 194.70 1084.19 836.09 1233.68 1109.14 5032.00
168 Estimated financial result (in million)
169 2026E
170 Net Income 23.01 456.89 7.00 27.70 256.65 171.50 348.89 66.00 542.90
171 EBIT 50.00 737.50 10.58 46.50 342.42 233.88 420.88 85.00 744.52
172 EBITDA 112.68 941.00 27.50 107.75 459.18 298.75 542.00 133.70 1069.49
173 Sales 6284.50 23775.95 1273.50 1576.00 2708.10 5383.99 17305.00 4175.00 23642.00
174
175 2027E
176 Net Income 53.90 537.00 17.40 46.74 275.48 264.00 407.00 65.56 627.00
177 EBIT 85.76 835.95 25.62 72.91 387.89 368.77 480.00 86.15 876.52
178 EBITDA 154.50 1046.00 43.67 137.30 495.00 438.00 638.24 150.11 1128.00
179 Sales 6507.00 24744.00 1311.71 1645.46 2848.76 5835.97 20129.00 4425.50 24551.00
180
181 LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
182 Price Multiples Based on Latest Twelve Months Financials 12
183 P/E N/A 14.1 9.9 77.4 11.5 16.9 16.6 N/A 19.0
184 P/B 1.8 1.2 0.7 3.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 0.3 1.4
185 EV/EBIT 23.8 10.3 7.0 44.2 8.5 29.4 16.7 6.9 13.2
186 EV/EBITDA 16.7 8.7 6.3 9.6 7.4 17.5 16.3 3.9 10.7
187 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3
188 EV/Invested Capital 2.0 1.1 1.0 3.8 2.0 2.8 2.3 0.4 1.3
189 Price Multiples Based on Latest Financial Statement
190 P/E N/A 14.1 9.9 77.4 12.2 16.9 23.5 N/A 19.0
191 P/B 1.8 1.2 0.7 3.3 1.6 1.8 2.3 0.3 1.4
192 EV/EBIT 21.1 10.3 7.0 44.2 9.0 29.4 23.6 6.9 13.2
193 EV/EBITDA 14.6 8.7 6.3 9.6 8.1 17.5 21.9 3.9 10.7
194 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3
195 EV/Invested Capital 2.0 1.1 1.0 3.8 2.1 2.8 2.7 0.4 1.3
196 Price Multiples Based on 3-Yr Average Financial Statement 3
197 P/E 20.5 13.5 4.2 18.3 14.5 8.5 20.7 N/A 16.3
198 P/B 1.5 1.2 0.7 2.7 1.7 1.6 2.3 0.3 1.3
199 EV/EBIT 7.7 9.6 3.1 11.6 9.4 8.6 18.7 6.0 10.7
200 EV/EBITDA 6.6 7.9 3.0 8.0 8.3 7.2 17.2 3.7 9.1
201 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3
202 EV/Invested Capital 1.8 1.1 1.1 3.7 2.4 2.7 3.3 0.3 1.3
203 Price Multiples Based On 5-Yr Average Financial Statement 5
204 P/E 12.6 11.2 4.0 9.4 14.1 5.5 21.2 N/A 10.3
205 P/B 1.3 1.1 0.8 2.4 1.8 1.6 2.5 0.3 1.3
206 EV/EBIT 6.8 9.0 2.8 6.4 9.4 4.5 18.4 6.1 8.3
207 EV/EBITDA 5.9 7.4 2.7 5.4 8.4 4.1 17.0 3.9 7.4
208 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.3
209 EV/Invested Capital 1.8 1.1 1.2 3.6 2.8 2.7 4.0 0.3 1.3Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
210 Price Multiples Based on Estimated 2025E Financial Statement
211 P/E 37.4 9.1 25.0 25.2 11.7 13.1 13.8 4.7 10.4
212 P/B
213 EV/EBIT 17.2 8.5 16.5 15.0 8.8 9.6 11.7 4.5 8.9
214 EV/EBITDA 7.6 6.7 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.5 9.1 2.8 6.2
215 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3
216 EV/Invested Capital
217 Price Multiples Based on Estimated 2026E Financial Statement
218 P/E 16.0 7.7 10.0 14.9 10.9 8.5 11.8 4.7 9.0
219 P/B
220 EV/EBIT 10.0 7.5 6.8 9.6 7.8 6.1 10.2 4.4 7.6
221 EV/EBITDA 5.6 6.0 4.0 5.1 6.1 5.1 7.7 2.5 5.9
222 EV/Sales 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3
223
224 Growth and Risk Adjustment
227
228 Subject LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
229
230 Present Value of $1 after Five Years 5 $1 $18.64 $10.82 $64.99 $8.98 $10.70 $15.29 $11.85 $17.80 $11.80 $30.71
231 Indicated Growth and Risk Adjustment 72.25% -71.32% 107.61% 74.18% 21.90% 57.23% 4.74% 58.00% -39.30%
232
233 Selected Growth and Risk Adjustment 70% -70% 110% 75% 20% 55% 5% 60% -40%
234
235 Sustained Growth Rate --- Up to Year 2 28.2% -0.8% 3.5% 0.4% 1.5% 2.2% 4.2% 30.7% 2.0% 3.1%
236202766750650724744131216452849583620129442624551
237202540610660723082130215972730537911788425123077
238 2025 - 2027 CAGR 28.2% -0.8% 3.5% 0.4% 1.5% 2.2% 4.2% 30.7% 2.0% 3.1%
239 Discount Rate 10.6% 11.1% 3.7% 13.2% 11.7% 8.8% 10.8% 11.2% 10.6% 5.4%
240
241 Year 0 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00
242 Year 1 $1.28 $0.99 $1.04 $1.00 $1.02 $1.02 $1.04 $1.31 $1.02 $1.03
243 Year 2 $1.64 $0.98 $1.07 $1.01 $1.03 $1.04 $1.09 $1.71 $1.04 $1.06
244 Year 3 $1.68 $1.01 $1.09 $1.03 $1.05 $1.06 $1.11 $1.74 $1.06 $1.09
245 Year 4 $1.71 $1.03 $1.12 $1.05 $1.07 $1.09 $1.13 $1.78 $1.08 $1.11
246 Year 5 $1.75 $1.05 $1.14 $1.07 $1.10 $1.11 $1.15 $1.82 $1.11 $1.13
247 Total NPV $5.94 $3.72 $4.89 $3.60 $3.81 $4.15 $4.08 $6.05 $3.95 $4.63
248 Terminal Value $21.00 $12.00 $72.00 $10.00 $12.00 $17.00 $13.00 $20.00 $13.00 $34.00
2490.600.590.830.540.570.660.600.590.600.77
250 Total Value $18.64 $10.82 $64.99 $8.98 $10.70 $15.29 $11.85 $17.80 $11.80 $30.71
251
252Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
253 Discount Rate Calculation Subject LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
254
255 Rf 4.58% 0.32% 4.58% 4.58% 4.18% 4.18% 1.75% 4.18% 3.10%
256 Equity Risk Premium 5.41% 4.65% 5.41% 5.41% 5.00% 5.00% 5.55% 5.41% 4.65%
257 Beta (Levered) 1.22 1.16 1.11 1.15 0.83 1.15 1.38 1 .04 0.61
258 Small Size Risk Premium 0.90% 0.42% 2.59% 0.90% 0.90% 0.90% 2.59% 2.59% 0.42%
259 Other Premium 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
260 Cost of Equity 10.6% (no CSR) 12.1% 6.1% 13.2% 11.7% 9.2% 10.8% 12.0% 12.4% 6.4%
261 Cost of Debt (Prime Rate or CIQ Effective Interest Rate) 5.64% 0.00% 5.64% 5.64% 6.75% 6.75% 3.50% 6.75% 2.44%
262 Tax Rate 25.00% 8.50% 25.00% 25.00% 21.00% 21.00% 25.00% 21.00% 25.80%
263 After-tax Cost of Debt 4.2% 4.2% 0.0% 4.2% 4.2% 5.3% 5.3% 2.6% 5.3% 1.8%
264 Equity as % of Total Capital 100.0% 0.87 0.60 1.00 1.00 0.90 1.00 0.92 0.75 0 .80
265 Debt as % of Total Capital 0.0% 0.13 0.40 - - 0.10 - 0.08 0 .25 0 .20
266
267 Weighted Average Cost of Capital 10.6% 11.1% 3.7% 13.2% 11.7% 8.8% 10.8% 11.2% 10.6% 5.4%
268
269
298
299 Tax Rate Adjustment
300
301 A tax adjustment was made based on the corporate income tax rate.
302
303
304 Subject LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
305
306 Local Country's Normal Tax Rate 25.00% 25.00% 8.50% 25.00% 25.00% 21.00% 21.00% 25.00% 21.00% 25.80%
307 Tax Rate Adjustment to EBIT Price Multiple 0.00% -18.03% 0.00% 0.00% -5.06% -5.06% 0.00% -5.06% 1.08%
308
309
310 EBITDA margin 0.89% 3.14% 2.14% 4.58% 13.69% 2.39% 1.90% 2.29% 2.69%
311 EBIT margin 0.62% 2.64% 1.91% 0.99% 12.25% 1.42% 1.77% 1.29% 2.18%
312 Dep & Amort. to Sales 0.27% 0.50% 0.23% 3.59% 1.44% 0.97% 0.14% 1.00% 0.51%
313 Dep & Amort. to Sales / EBITDA margin 30.49% 16.00% 10.70% 78.39% 10.51% 40.43% 7.20% 43.58% 18.84%
314 Tax Rate Adjustment to EBITDA Price Multiple 0.00% -15.15% 0.00% 0.00% -4.53% -3.02% 0.00% -2.86% 0.88%
315
316
374
375 EV/ EBIT LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
376
377 Unadjusted Multiple 23.8 10.3 7.0 44.2 8.5 29.4 16.7 6.9 13.2
378
379 Adjustments
380 Growth and Risk Adjustment 70% -70% 110% 75% 20% 55% 5% 60% -40%
381 Tax Rate Adjustment - EBIT 0% -18% 0% 0% -5% -5% 0% -5% 1%
3820%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
3830%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
3840%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
3850%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
386
387 Adjusted Multiple 40.49 2 .54 14.76 7 7.39 9 .72 4 3.32 17.49 1 0.50 8 .01
388Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT C
GUIDELINE COMPANIES METHOD
389 Average Multiple 24.91
390 Median Multiple 14.76
391 Selected Multiple (Rounded) 14.75
392
393 EV/ EBITDA LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
394
395 Unadjusted Multiple 16.7 8.7 6.3 9.6 7.4 17.5 16.3 3.9 10.7
396
397 Adjustments
398 Growth and Risk Adjustment 70% -70% 110% 75% 20% 55% 5% 60% -40%
399 Tax Rate Adjustment - EBITDA 0% -15% 0% 0% -5% -3% 0% -3% 1%
4000%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4010%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4020%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4030%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
404
405 Adjusted Multiple 28.38 2.21 13.18 16.73 8.47 26.36 17.16 6 .06 6 .49
406
407 Average Multiple 13.89
408 Median Multiple 13.18
409 Selected Multiple (Rounded) 13.20
410
411 P/E LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KELY.AENXTAM:RAND
412
413 Unadjusted Multiple N/A 14.1 9.9 77.4 11.5 16.9 16.6 N/A 19.0
414
415 Adjustments
416 Growth and Risk Adjustment 70% -70% 110% 75% 20% 55% 5% 60% -40%
4170%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4180%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4190%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4200%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
4210%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%
422
423 Adjusted Multiple N/A 4.23 20.76 135.54 1 3.81 26.24 1 7.45 N/A 11.38
424
425 Average Multiple 32.77
426 Median Multiple 17.45
427 Selected Multiple (Rounded) 17.45Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT D
FINANCIAL RATIO COMPARISON
Valuation date: 31-Dec-25
0.9%1.0%0.9%1.0%1.2%
Financial ratio (5-years average of individual comparable company)
9 Capital IQ Code: CIQ LSE: HAS SWX:ADEN LSE: STEM LSE: PAGE NYSE:KFY NYSE:RHI SZSE:30066N2asdaqGS:KEENLXYT.AAM:RANMDedian Subject
10
11 Liquidity :
12 Current Ratio 1.37 1.20 1.84 1.65 1.81 1.72 2.20 1.55 1.23 1.65 1.73
13 Quick Ratio 1.37 1.20 1.84 1.65 1.81 1.72 2.20 1.55 1.23 1.65 1.73
14 Cash Ratio 0.24 0.22 0.31 0.34 1.01 0.47 0.70 0.09 0.09 0.31 0.44
15 Cash to Current Assets 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.20 0.56 0.27 0.31 0.06 0.07 0.17 0.24
16 Inventory to Current Assets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
17 Times of Interest Earned 11.37 7.60 50.56 26.44 31.97 N/A 43.48 4.70 13.65 20.05 58.85
18
19 Asset Utilization/ Turnover Ratios: /
20 Receivable Turnover 6.07 5.32 4.44 5.00 4.33 7.16 4.61 3.59 4.68 4.68 11.11
21 Average Debt Collection Period 60.18 68.81 82.85 73.43 84.84 51.11 79.25 102.18 78.15 78.15 33.88
24 Sales to Current Assets 4.83 4.01 3.59 3.83 1.53 2.81 3.04 3.10 4.12 3.59 8.97
25 Sales to Fixed Assets 33.55 35.55 38.26 12.48 8.15 19.56 145.18 58.14 39.58 35.55 1973.79
26 Total Assets Turnover 3.55 1.87 3.19 2.61 0.72 2.13 2.40 1.79 2.28 2.28 6.67
27
28 Leverage :
29 Total Debt to total Assets 0.13 0.29 0.08 0.18 0.17 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.14 0.13 0.00
30 Long Term Debt to Equity 0.29 0.85 0.12 0.31 0.33 0.12 0.09 0.10 0.27 0.27 0.00
31 Fixed Assets to Equity 0.31 0.18 0.19 0.52 0.19 0.22 0.04 0.07 0.14 0.19 0.02
32 Total Debt to Equity 0.39 0.98 0.18 0.42 0.36 0.17 0.14 0.11 0.35 0.35 0.00
33
34 Profitability :
35 Profit Margin 1.01% 1.64% 2.90% 4.04% 8.25% 6.32% 3.07% -0.66% 2.15% 2.90% 4.31%
36 EBIT Margin (pre) 1.87% 3.07% 4.09% 5.89% 12.49% 7.56% 3.63% 1.35% 3.18% 3.63% 5.75%
37 EBIT Margin (Include Share Profit in Associate pre) 1.87% 3.20% 4.09% 5.89% 12.49% 7.56% 3.63% 1.37% 3.18% 3.63% 5.75%
38 EBITDA Margin (pre) 2.18% 3.72% 4.30% 7.11% 14.03% 8.41% 3.92% 2.13% 3.59% 3.92% 5.82%
39 EBITDA Margin (Include Share Profit in Associate pre) 2.18% 3.84% 4.30% 7.11% 14.03% 8.41% 3.92% 2.16% 3.59% 3.92% 5.82%
44 Gross Margin 5.18% 20.05% 25.54% 50.85% 24.77% 40.15% 9.69% 19.88% 19.96% 20.05% 32.29%
45 Return On Equity 8.90% 10.07% 21.25% 22.89% 13.00% 27.97% 11.97% -3.29% 11.66% 11.97% 61.41%
46 Return On Assets 3.45% 3.03% 9.47% 10.14% 6.00% 13.92% 7.01% -1.37% 5.01% 6.00% 26.10%
47
48 Growth :
49 Sales Growth 4.61% 2.63% 0.41% 0.10% 12.33% -4.05% 34.02% -3.44% -1.33% 0.41% 34.02%
50 Fixed Assets Growth -3.45% 11.67% 11.58% 7.82% 1.66% 0.78% 211.50% -12.61% -4.77% 1.66% -31.53%
51 Total Assets Growth -1.17% 0.00% 5.13% -5.20% 6.10% -0.79% 22.17% -5.90% -0.74% -0.74% 54.45%
53 Accounts Receivable Growth 5.81% 1.20% 4.03% -2.25% 6.15% -6.36% 33.66% -3.63% -0.16% 1.20% 18.01%
54 SG&A Expenses Growth 5.50% 3.56% 0.95% 2.18% 7.88% -0.19% 12.37% -2.38% 0.01% 2.18% 13.41%
55
56 Other Ratios:
57 Capex to Sales 0.14% 0.73% 0.24% 0.92% 2.07% 0.82% 0.70% 0.25% 0.19% 0.70% 0.07%
58 R&D Expenditure to Sales 0.00% 0.00% 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.42% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
59 Fixed Assets to Sales 3.03% 2.86% 2.83% 8.21% 12.58% 5.18% 1.02% 1.76% 2.53% 2.86% 0.11%
60 Add. Working Capital to Sales 0.02% -0.23% 0.63% 0.06% -0.60% -0.18% 2.12% 0.06% -0.01% 0.02% 1.29%
61 Net Working Capital to Sales 2.74% 1.69% 8.90% 6.69% -6.83% 6.36% 8.70% 9.83% 4.18% 6.36% 2.51%
62 Operating Expenses to Sales 2.25% 16.60% 20.05% 44.78% 9.47% 32.58% 5.16% 18.05% 16.50% 16.60% 26.54%
63 Depreciation & Amortization to Sales (pre) 0.31% -0.09% 0.21% 1.22% -0.51% -0.23% 0.29% 0.59% 0.41% 0.29% 0.07%
64 Depreciation & Amortization to Sales (post) 0.99% 0.84% 1.11% 2.87% 1.94% 1.14% 0.77% 1.15% 1.12% 1.12% 0.07%
65 Depreciation to Net Fixed Assets (pre) 10.20% -3.64% 7.86% 13.61% -3.65% -5.47% 49.65% 35.67% 16.21% 10.20% 94.58%
66 Depreciation to Net Fixed Assets (post) 32.85% 29.49% 41.64% 35.16% 15.60% 21.19% 96.24% 67.54% 44.35% 35.16% 94.58%
68 Effective income tax rate 167.21% 28.96% 28.95% 35.67% 26.13% 28.42% 23.60% -28.36% 25.27% 28.42% 23.95%Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT E
DISCOUNT RATE DERIVATION (SINGLE DATE) ( )
As of December 31 2025
Pre lease Pre lease Pre lease
CIQ beta beta
7 Market Outstanding total
8 Capital IQ Levered capitalisation2 interest bearing debts3 Debt-to-equity Unlevered Reporting
9 Comparative Companies Code beta1 Tax rate (in million) (in million) ratio beta Currency
10 Hays plc LSE: HAS 1.22 25.00% 900.16 129.60 0.14 1.10 GBP
11 Adecco Group AG SWX:ADEN 1.16 8.50% 4157.93 2760.00 0.66 0.72 EUR
12 SThree plc LSE: STEM 1.11 25.00% 242.66 0.00 0.00 1.11 GBP
13 PageGroup plc LSE: PAGE 1.15 25.00% 729.74 0.00 0.00 1.15 GBP
14 Korn Ferry NYSE:KFY 0.83 21.00% 3445.91 398.15 0.12 0.76 USD
15 Robert Half Inc. NYSE:RHI 1.15 21.00% 2715.50 0.00 0.00 1.15 USD
16 Beijing Career International Co. Ltd SZSE:300662 1.38 25.00% 4985.11 425.63 0.09 1.29 CNY
17 Kelly Services Inc. NasdaqGS:KELY.A 1.04 21.00% 310.67 101.90 0.33 0.82 USD
18 Randstad N.V. ENXTAM:RAND 0.61 25.80% 5672.21 1412.00 0.25 0.51 EUR
19
20
21 Average Levered / Unlevered beta / Beta 1.07 0.96
22 Average D/E ratio D/E 0.18
23 Using average beta
24 Cost of equity UK US China Switzerland Netherlands UK
25 Risk-free Rate4 4.58% 4.18% 1.75% 0.32% 3.10% 4.58%
26 Unlevered Beta Beta 1.02 0.91 1.29 0.72 0.51 0.96
27 Levered Beta10 Beta 1.02 0.91 1.29 0.72 0.51 0.96
29 Equity Risk Premium5 5.41% 5.00% 5.55% 4.65% 4.65% 5.41%
30 Currency Adjustment 0.0% -0.2% 0.1% 1.3% 0.1%
33 Country Risk Differential 0.0% 0.4% -0.1% 0.8% 0.8%
34 Cost of equity 10.1% 8.9% 8.9% 5.7% 6.4% 9.8%
35 Average Cost of Equity 8.0%
36 Small Size Risk Premium6 2.59%
37 Company Specific Risk 2.25%
38
39 Cost of equity 12.84%
40
41 Cost of Debt
42 Cost of Debt7 5.64%
43 Tax8 25%
44 After Tax Cost of Debt 4.23%
45
46 Proportion of Debt9 0.0%
47 Proportion of Equity9 100.0%
48
49 WACC 12.84%
50 Rounded 13.00%
51 Pre lease
52
53 Notes:
1. Levered beta extracted from Barra Beta Warehouse as of the valuation date.
1. beta Barra Beta Warehouse
2. Market capitalization extracted from CIQ as of the valuation date and converted to reporting currency when share price is nominated in different currency
2. CapitalIQ
3. Book value of debt extracted from the latest financial statements.
3.
4. The yield-to-maturity of the government bond with the longest maturity in respective countries quoted from CIQ.
4. CIQ
5. US: based on US equity risk premium estimated by Kroll plus normalized risk free rate less spot 20-year US treasury yield
Non US: based on country default spread x volatility index relative to bond plus US ERP
5. Kroll 20
ERP
6. Extracted from the Cost of Capital Navigator of Kroll.
6. Kroll Cost of Capital Navigator
7. Based on the cost of borrowing for non-financial business from central bank of England.
7.
8. Corporate tax rate applicable to the company.
8.
9. Based on (company's target) debt-to-equity ratio
9.
10. Re-levered beta in accordance to the long term capital structure of the company
10. Re-levered betaCaraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-1
INCOME APPROACH - DISCOUNTED CASHFLOW ANALYSIS -
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
6 As of December 31 2025
7 Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
9 Revenue 20808 26032 40610 59097 66750 77518 88351 100492 102562
10 Cost of Revenue (13494) (18361) (28578) (44319) (46123) (53325) (61034) (69823) (71261)
11 Gross Profit 7315 7671 12032 14778 20627 24194 27317 30669 31301
12
13 Operating Expenses (6703) (6481) (7516) (10524) (14123) (16405) (18613) (21107) (21541)
14 Earnings before Interest & Tax (EBIT) 611 1190 4517 4254 6504 7788 8704 9563 9760
15
16 Non-Operating Income / (Expenses) / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 EBIT after Non-Operating Income / (Expenses) 611 1190 4517 4254 6504 7788 8704 9563 9760
18
19 Net Interest Income / (Expenses) /( ) (10) (24) (26) (44) (26) (26) (27) (30) (30)
20 Earnings before Tax (EBT) 602 1166 4490 4210 6478 7763 8677 9533 9731
21
22 Income Tax Expenses (157) (298) (1126) (1057) (1623) (1946) (2176) (2392) (2433)
23 Net Income 445 868 3364 3154 4855 5817 6501 7142 7298
24
25 Adjustments
26 Depreciation & Amortization (Non-Cash Expenses) & ( ) 14 13 20 27 33 40
27 Tax Adjusted Net Interest Expenses / (Income) /( ) 33 19 19 20 22 22
28 Capital Expenditures (20) (20) (20) (40) (40) (41)
29 Decrease / (Increase) in Working Capital /( ) (800) (695) (531) (490) (535) (97)
30 Other Cash Flow Items 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 Free Cash Flow to Business Enterprise 2381 4172 5305 6018 6622 7222
32
33 Period 0.5000 1.5000 2.5000 3.5000 4.5000 5.5000
34 Discount Rate / Present Value Factor / 13.0% 0.9410 0.8320 0.7370 0.6520 0.5770 0.5110
35
36 Present Value of Cash Flows 2240 3471 3910 3924 3821 3690
37 % of Total
38 Present Value of Interim Period Cash Flows 21056 37.95%
40 Terminal Value 67376
41 (Equivalent to Exit EV/EBITDA Multiple) 6 .87
42 Present Value Factor at Terminal Year 0.5110
43 Present Value of Terminal Value 34429 62.05%
44
45 Indicated Value of Invested Capital 55485
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-2
COMMON SIZE ANALYSIS
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
53 Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
55
56 Revenue 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
57 Cost of Revenue -64.8% -70.5% -70.4% -75.0% -69.1% -68.8% -69.1% -69.5% -69.5%
58
59 Gross Profit 35.2% 29.5% 29.6% 25.0% 30.9% 31.2% 30.9% 30.5% 30.5%
60
61 Operating Expenses -32.2% -24.9% -18.5% -17.8% -21.2% -21.2% -21.1% -21.0% -21.0%
62
63 Earnings before Interest & Tax (EBIT) 2.9% 4.6% 11.1% 7.2% 9.7% 10.0% 9.9% 9.5% 9.5%
64
65 Non-Operating Income/ (Expenses) / 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
66
67 EBIT after Non-Operating Income / (Expenses) 2.9% 4.6% 11.1% 7.2% 9.7% 10.0% 9.9% 9.5% 9.5%
68
69 Net Interest Income / (Expenses) /( ) 0.0% -0.1% -0.1% -0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
70
71 Earnings before Tax (EBT) 2.9% 4.5% 11.1% 7.1% 9.7% 10.0% 9.8% 9.5% 9.5%
72
73 Income Tax Expense -0.8% -1.1% -2.8% -1.8% -2.4% -2.5% -2.5% -2.4% -2.4%
74
75 Net Income 2.1% 3.3% 8.3% 5.3% 7.3% 7.5% 7.4% 7.1% 7.1%
76
77 EBITDA 3.0% 4.7% 11.2% 7.2% 9.8% 10.1% 9.9% 9.5% 9.6%Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-3
REVENUE
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
91 Revenue 20808 26032 40610 59097 66750 77518 88351 100492 102562
92 Annual Growth Rate 25.1% 56.0% 45.5% 12.9% 16.1% 14.0% 13.7% 2.1%
93 CAGR 2026 - 2031 11.7%
94
95 Revenue breakdown by products (RMB '000)
96 Central / Consulting 678 1227 1531 1684 1852 2038 2241
97 TaaS 1737 2465 929 1022 1124 1237 1360
98 MSP 19416 30232 47120 54165 62290 71633 82378
99 BOT 4237 6378 8958 8909 10792 11613 12452
100 Advisory 560 970 1460 1830 2060
101 Total 26068 40302 59097 66750 77518 88351 100492
10237(308)
103 Growth Rate Assumption
104 Central / Consulting 10% 10% 10% 10%
105 TaaS 10% 10% 10% 10%
106 MSP 15% 15% 15% 15%
107 BOT -1% 21% 8% 7%
108 Advisory 73% 51% 25% 13%
109
110 Structure of Each Business Line
111 Central / Consulting 2.6% 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.2%
112 TaaS 1.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4%
113 MSP 79.7% 81.1% 80.4% 81.1% 82.0%
114 BOT 15.2% 13.3% 13.9% 13.1% 12.4%
115 Advisory 0.9% 1.5% 1.9% 2.1% 2.0%
116 Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
155
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-4
COST OF REVENUE
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
182 Cost of Revenue (13494) (18361) (28578) (44319) (46123) (53325) (61034) (69823) (71261)
183 % of Revenue 64.8% 70.5% 70.4% 75.0% 69.1% 68.8% 69.1% 69.5% 69.5%
184
206
207 Company Indications
208 Historical Average 67.7%
209 Median 67.7%
210 High 70.5%
211 Low 64.8%
212
213 Similar Company Indications
214 Historical Average 76.0%
215 Median 79.9%
216 High 94.8%
217 Low 49.2%
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-5
OPERATING EXPENSES
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
232 Operating Expenses (6703) (6481) (7516) (10524) (14123) (16405) (18613) (21107) (21541)
233 % of Revenue 32.2% 24.9% 18.5% 17.8% 21.2% 21.2% 21.1% 21.0% 21.0%
234 YoY growth -3.3% 16.0% 40.0% 34.2% 16.2% 13.5% 13.4% 2.1%
235
258
259 Earnings Before Interest and Tax 611 1190 4517 4254 6504 7788 8704 9563 9760
260 % of Revenue 2.9% 4.6% 11.1% 7.2% 9.7% 10.0% 9.9% 9.5% 9.5%
261
287 Op. Exp
288 Company Indications to Revenue EBIT Margin
289 Historical Average 26.5% 5.7%
290 Median 27.7% 4.5%
291 High 32.2% 11.1%
292 Low 18.5% 2.9%
293
294 Op. Exp
295 Similar Company Indications to Revenue EBIT Margin
296 Historical Average 18.4% 4.8%
297 Median 16.6% 3.6%
298 High 44.8% 12.5%
299 Low 2.3% 1.3%Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-6
INTEREST EXPENSES
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
332 Net Interest Income / (Expenses) / (10) (24) (26) (44) (26) (26) (27) (30) (30)
333 as % of Revenue 0.0% -0.1% -0.1% -0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
334 Interest Income
335 Interest Expenses (44) (26) (26) (27) (30) (30)
336
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-7
INCOME TAX
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
349 Earning before Tax 602 1166 4490 4210 6478 7763 8677 9533 9731
350
351 Total Income Tax Expense (157) (298) (1126) (1057) (1623) (1946) (2176) (2392) (2433)
352 % of Revenue -0.8% -1.1% -2.8% -1.8% -2.4% -2.5% -2.5% -2.4% -2.4%
353
354 Implied Tax Rate -26% -26% -25% -25% -25% -25% -25% -25% -25%
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-8
NET INCOME
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
367 Net Income 3154 4855 5817 6501 7142 7298
368 As % of Revenue 5.3% 7.3% 7.5% 7.4% 7.1% 7.1%
369
370 Company Indications Net Profit Margin
371 Historical Average 4.3%
372 Median 3.4%
373 High 8.3%
374 Low 2.1%
375
376 Similar Company Indications Net Profit Margin
377 Historical Average 3.2%
378 Median 2.9%
379 High 8.3%
380 Low -0.7%
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-9
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
389 Depreciation 19 22 13 14 13 20 27 33 40
390 Amortization
391
392 Total Non-cash Expenses 14 13 20 27 33 40
393 as % of Revenue 0.02% 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.04%
394
395 Company's History (As % of Sales)
396 Historical Average 0.07%
397 Median 0.07%
398 High 0.09%
399 Low 0.03%
400
401 Similar Companies
402 Historical Average 1.33%
403 Median 1.12%
404 High 2.87%
405 Low 0.77%
406Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-10
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
420 Capital Expenditures (Including lease-related CapEx) 23 6 3 20 20 20 40 40 41
421 % of Revenue 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.05% 0.04% 0.04%
422
438
439 CAPEX to Sales Ratio: Capex Fixed assets
440 Company Indications to sales ratio to sales ratio
441 Historical Average 0.07% 0.11%
442 Median 0.07% 0.12%
443 High 0.16% 0.18%
444 Low 0.01% 0.02%
445
446 Capex Fixed assets
447 Similar Company Indications to sales ratio to sales ratio
448 Historical Average 0.67% 4.45%
449 Median 0.70% 2.86%
450 High 2.07% 12.58%
451 Low 0.14% 1.02%
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-11
CHANGES IN WORKING CAPITAL
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
Actual Actual Actual Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Extrapolated
/1231
468 Working Capital Requirements (Net Debt) 628 (49) 1656 2456 3151 3683 4172 4707 4804
469 % of Revenue 3.0% -0.2% 4.1% 4.2% 4.7% 4.8% 4.7% 4.7% 4.7%
470
471 Increase/(Decrease) in Working Capital / 800 695 531 490 535 97
473 Analysis of working capital requirement 628 (49) 1656 2456 3151 3683 4172 4707
Actual Actual Actual
475 Trade Receivables 2071 2041 3110 4857 5486 6371 7262 8260
476 Other Receivables 30 113 432 629 710 825 940 1070
477 Prepayments 116 103 248 360 407 473 539 613
478 Accrued income from MSP Contract 130 1689 2458 2777 3225 3675 4180
479
480 Trade Payables 594 1725 1085 1821 1895 2191 2508 2869
481 Other creditors 234 47 167 243 274 319 3 63 413
482 MSP Contract costs 126 1640 2428 2527 2922 3344 3826
483 Current Income Tax Liabilities 424 386 573 834 942 1094 1247 1418
484 Directors' Current Accounts 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
485 Deferred Income 319 152 359 522 590 685 781 888
486
487
489 Days in account receivable 36 29 28 30 30 30 30 30
490 OR as of Revnue% 0.1% 0.4% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1%
491 Prepayment as of Revnue% 0.6% 0.4% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6%
492 Days in MSP Contract income 2 15 15 15 15 15 15
493
494 Days in accounts payable 16 34 14 15 15 15 15 15
495 OP as of Revnue% 1.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4%
496 Days in MSP Contract costs 2 21 20 20 20 20 20
497 Income tax liabilities as of Revnue% 2.0% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4%
498 as of Revnue% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
499 Deferred income as of Revnue% 1.5% 0.6% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9%
500
501
508
509 Working capital
510 Company Indications as % of sales
511 Historical Average 2.5%
512 Median 3.1%
513 High 4.1%
514 Low -0.2%
515
516 Working capital (net debt)
517 Similar Company Indications as % of sales
518 Historical Average 4.7%
519 Median 6.4%
520 High 9.8%
521 Low -6.8%Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-12
DISCOUNT RATE/ PRESENT VALUE FACTOR /
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
Years ended/ ending 31 December 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031
/1231
558 Date of Value Dec 31 25
559 Days Remaining in Fiscal Year 3 65
560 Discount Days 183 548 913 1278 1643 2008
561 Discount Period 0.5000 1.5000 2.5000 3.5000 4.5000 5.5000
562 Present Value Factor 0.941 0.832 0.737 0.652 0.577 0.511
563
564 Discount Rate 13.0%
Caraffi Ltd EXHIBIT F-13
TERMINAL VALUE
(All figures in GBP '000 unless specified otherwise)
599 Debt-Free Net Cash Flow in Terminal Year 7222
600
601 Add:
602 Additional Working Capital Requirement in Terminal Year 97
603 Capex in Terminal Year 41
604
605 Less:
606 Non-Recurring Cash Flow 0
607
608 Total 7360
609
610 Debt-Free Net Cash Flow in One Year after Terminal Year
611 (Before Additional Working Capital and Capex Requirement) 7511
612
613 Adjustments on an Going Concern Basis
614 (1) Capex (For Replacement of Existing Fixed Assets) (41)
615
625 (2) Additional Working Capital Requirement
626
627 Sales Amount in Terminal Year 102562
628 Increase in Sales One Year after Terminal Year (At Perpetual Growth Rate) 2113
629 Additional Working Capital Requirement (Based on Increase in Sales) 4.7% (99)
630
631 Debt-Free Net Cash Flow in One Year after Terminal Year 7371
632
633 Terminal Growth Rate 2.1%
634
635 Divided By: Capitalization Rate
636 (Discount Rate - Terminal Growth Rate) - 10.9%
637 Terminal Value 67376IIIIIIVVVIVII11160072
142126***********0
2025
(2026-04-30)
2025070211001782
410482***********2
2025
(2026-04-30)
20250512



